Environment Stewards

‘As Stewards unite to heal, care and preserve God’s creation’ Today there is an urgent need for ‘ecological conversion’ to protect not only the natural environment but also the human quality of life. Pope John-Paul II, â€Å"Life and nature are similar concepts because nature is the study of how life acts and interacts within the circle of existence†. When we take the time to examine the beauty of the world around us, we are able to see parallels within our own lives. One who is attuned with nature is attuned with the practice of living.However our beautiful and natural environment has come under threat, there is undeniable evidence of global warming. Hundreds of species become extinct every day because we are cutting down the rain forests. All around the earth, environmentalists are pointing out devastation. There is hardly a day that passes by without alarming news reports about climate change. Hurricanes, typhoons, floods, tsunamis and droug hts have become more frequent, more ferocious. It is mankind’s responsibility to monitor their behaviour and attitudes towards the environment and to strive towards a greater solidarity with people and the planet.However this is not being practiced mainly because most people are not aware of how far the environment has been affected by our continuous exploitation of it. One way we can exhibit respect for creation and reverence for the Creator is by adopting various ways which will help in preserving natural environments, protecting endangered species, labouring to make human environments compatible with local ecology, employing appropriate technology, and carefully evaluating technological innovations, Reverence for the Creator should serve as ground for environmental responsibility.For the very plants and animals, mountains and oceans, which in their loveliness remind us of our creator because of their fragility and uniqueness, are slowly but surely getting extinct. God who brings everything into being and sustains all existence is who we are accountable to, for what we do or fail to do to preserve and care for the earth and all its creatures. Dwelling in the presence of the creator, we begin to experience ourselves as part of creation, as stewards within it, not separate from it.As faithful stewards, fullness of life comes from living responsibly within God's creation. Stewardship implies that we must both care for creation according to standards that are not of our own making and at the same time be resourceful in finding ways to make the earth flourish. It is quite a difficult balance, requiring both a sense of limits and a definite spirit of experimentation. Even as we enjoy nature’s beauty, stewardship places the responsibility for the well-being of all God's creatures. Respect for nature and respect for human life are inextricably related. Respect for life, and above all for the dignity of the human person,†  ¬Pope John Paul II has written, extends also to us stewards, we must not be engaged in cutting down trees for quick or immediate gains and therefore cause environmental degradation. We should rather see the value of tree planting for various reasons. There is the stewardship of the way trees help to support the earth and maintain the environment. We should be responsive to anti-desertification measures such as over-grazing, tree planting and soil conservation. We must also have concern for the use of chemicals.Most agricultural and household chemicals are harmful to the environment. God has given us to protect and care for the earth, and this can only be done through sustainability, Sustainability of the environment which is a key aspect of Stewardship. God has endowed us with reason and ingenuity that distinguish humans from other creatures. Ingenuity and creativity have enabled us to make remarkable advances and can help us address the problems of environmental degradation; however, we have not always used these endowments wisely. Past actions have produced good works and harmful ones, as well as unforeseen or unintended consequences.As we use the land, we need to heed God’s call to exercise stewardship in a way that respects and protects the integrity of creation and to provide for the common good as well as for economic and social justice. Much of current agricultural development and teaching has been based on selfish motivation that of maximising gain for minimum effort, without consideration for the long term cost to our environment and the world at large. God made the earth in a balanced and integrated way, and yet our actions portray us fighting against the earth rather than protecting it. That incentive grows even stronger when we appreciate that God has placed these gifts at our disposal because of his Love for us and so that we can better serve and please him. Taking action, to join together on the theme of climate change, to tackle this monumental challenge for t he sake of the common good of our common home, now and in the future. As Christians, we are grateful for the gift of creation and we must therefore work towards ensuring that we raise the moral issue of the urgency of the environmental crisis.As individuals, as institutions, as nations we need a change of heart to preserve and protect the planet for our fellow creatures and generations to come. As Stewards, we should see the earth in a different light from others involved in human development. Our perspective shares the concern of many environmentalists but in a different way. Because we now know that most of the climate change problems result from human activity it is the responsibility of each one of us to monitor our behaviour and attitudes towards the environment and to strive towards a greater solidarity with people and the planet.The pursuit of Peace – lasting peace based on justice – should to be an environmental priority because the earth itself bears the wound s and scars of war. Likewise, our efforts to defend the dignity and rights of the poor and of workers, to use the strength of our market economy to meet basic human needs, and to press for greater national and global economic justice are dearly linked to efforts to preserve and sustain the earth. These are not distinct and separate issues but complimentary challenges. We need to help build bridges among the peace, justice, and environmental agendas and constituencies. – Prepared by Maria Fernandez

Spirit Bound Chapter Five

I DECIDED IT'D BE BEST if Lissa and I stayed up late when we returned to her room, poring over the documents. She was a jumble of feelings when I told her about my encounter with Mikhail–which I hadn't mentioned to Mia. Lissa's initial reaction was surprise, but there were other things too. Fear over the trouble I could have gotten into. A bit of warm romanticism over what both Mikhail and I were willing to do for those we loved. Wonder if she would do the same if Christian were in that situation. She decided instantly that she would; her love for him was still that strong. Then she told herself that she actually didn't care about him anymore, which I would have found annoying if I wasn't so distracted. â€Å"What's wrong?† she asked. I'd sighed aloud in dismay without realizing it while I read her thoughts. Not wanting her to know I'd been perusing her mind, I pointed at the papers spread out on her bed. â€Å"Just trying to make sense of this.† Not entirely that far off from the truth. The prison's layout was complex. The cells occupied two floors and were tiny–only one prisoner per cell. The papers didn't explain why, but the reason was obvious. It went along with what Abe had said about keeping criminals from turning Strigoi. If I'd been locked away in prison for years, I could understand the temptation of cracking and killing my roommate to become Strigoi and escape. The cells were also kept housed in the very center of the building, surrounded by guards, offices, â€Å"exercise rooms,† a kitchen, and a feeders' room. The documents explained guard rotations, as well as prisoner feeding schedules. They were apparently escorted to the feeders one at a time, heavily guarded, and only allowed very short spurts of blood. Again, everything kept the prisoners weak and prevented them from turning Strigoi. It was all good information, but I had no reason to believe any of it was up-to-date, since the file was five years old. It was also likely the prison had all sorts of new surveillance equipment in place. Probably the only things we could count on being the same were the prison's location and the building's layout. â€Å"How good are you feeling about your charm-making skills?† I asked Lissa. Although she hadn't been able to put as much spirit healing into my ring as a woman I knew named Oksana could, I had noticed my darkness-induced temper soothed a little. Lissa'd made a ring for Adrian too, though I couldn't say for sure if it was what was helping him control his vices lately–vices he usually indulged in to control spirit. She shrugged and rolled over onto her back. Exhaustion filled her, but she was trying to stay awake for my sake. â€Å"Getting better. Wish I could meet Oksana.† â€Å"Maybe someday,† I said vaguely. I didn't think Oksana would ever leave Siberia. She'd run off with her guardian and wanted to keep a low profile. Besides, I didn't want Lissa over there anytime soon after my ordeals. â€Å"Have you been able to put in anything besides healing?† A moment later, I answered my own question. â€Å"Oh, right. The spoon.† Lissa grimaced, but it turned into a yawn. â€Å"I don't think it worked so well.† â€Å"Hmm.† â€Å"Hmm?† I glanced back at the blueprints. â€Å"I'm thinking if you could make a few more compulsion charms, it would go a long way to help with this. We need to make people see what we want them to see.† Surely if Victor–whose powers of compulsion were nowhere near hers–had managed a lust charm, she could do what I needed. She just needed more practice. She understood the basic principles but had trouble making her desired effects last. The only problem was that in asking her to do this, I was making her use more spirit. Even if the side effects didn't show up right away, they would likely come back to haunt her in the future. She glanced at me curiously, but when I saw her yawn again, I told her not to worry about it. I'd explain tomorrow. She offered no argument, and after a quick hug, we each retired to our own beds. We weren't going to get much sleep, but we had to get what we could. Tomorrow was a big day. I'd worn a variation of the guardians' formal black-and-white outfit when I went to Victor's trial. In normal bodyguard situations, we wore ordinary clothes. But for fancy events, they wanted us looking crisp and professional. The morning after our daring break-in, I got my first true taste of guardian fashion. I'd worn hand-me-down clothes at Victor's trial but now had an official guardian outfit, tailored exactly to my measurements: straight-legged black slacks, a white button-up blouse, and a black dress jacket that fit me perfectly. It certainly wasn't meant to be sexy, but the way it hugged my stomach and hips did good things for my body. I felt satisfied with my reflection in the mirror, and after several minutes of thought, I pulled my hair into a neatly braided bun that showed off my molnija marks. The skin was still irritated, but at least the bandage was gone. I looked very†¦ professional. I was actually kind of reminded of Sydney. She was an Alchemist–a human who worked with Moroi and dhampirs to hide the existence of vampires from the world. With her proper sense of fashion, she always looked ready for a business meeting. I kept wanting to send her a briefcase for Christmas. If ever there was a time for me to show off, today was the day. After the trials and graduation, this was the next biggest step in becoming a guardian. It was a luncheon that all new grads attended. Moroi eligible for new guardians would also attend, hoping to scope out the candidates. Our scores from school and the trials would have been made public knowledge by now, and this was a chance for Moroi to meet us and put in bids for who they wanted to guard them. Naturally, most guests would be royal, but a few other important Moroi would also qualify. I really had no interest in showing off and hooking a posh family. Lissa was the only one I wanted to guard. Still, I had to make a good impression. I needed to make it clear that I was the one who should be with her. She and I walked over to the royal ballroom together. It was the only place large enough to hold us all, since more than just St. Vladimir's grads were in attendance. All the American schools had sent their new recruits, and for a moment, I found the sea of black and white dizzying. Bits of color–royals dressed up in their finest clothing–livened the palette up a little. Around us, soft watercolor murals made the walls seem to glow. Lissa hadn't worn a ball gown or anything, but she looked very elegant in a formfitting teal dress made of raw silk. The royals mingled with the social ease they'd been raised with, but my classmates moved about uneasily. No one seemed to mind. It wasn't our job to seek out others; we would be approached. The grads all wore name tags–engraved metal ones. There were no HELLO, MY NAME IS†¦ stickers here. The tags made us identifiable so that the royals could come and do their interrogations. I didn't expect anyone except my friends to talk to me, so Lissa and I headed straight for the buffet and then occupied a quiet corner to munch on our canapes and caviar. Well, Lissa ate caviar. It reminded me too much of Russia. Adrian, of course, sought us out first. I gave him a crooked grin. â€Å"What are you doing here? I know you aren't eligible for a guardian.† With no concrete plans for his future, it was assumed Adrian would simply live at Court. As such, he'd need no outside protection–though he'd certainly qualify if he chose to strike out into the world. â€Å"True, but I could hardly miss a party,† he said. He held a glass of champagne in his hand, and I wondered if the effects of the ring Lissa had given him were wearing off. Of course, the occasional drink really wasn't the end of the world, and the dating proposal's language had been loose in that area. It was mostly the smoking I wanted him to stay away from. â€Å"Have you been approached by a dozen hopeful people?† I shook my head. â€Å"Who wants reckless Rose Hathaway? The one who drops out without warning to do her own thing?† â€Å"Plenty,† he said. â€Å"I sure do. You kicked ass in the battle, and remember–everyone thinks you went off on some Strigoi-killing spree. Some might think it's worth your crazy personality.† â€Å"He's right,† a voice suddenly said. I looked up and saw Tasha Ozera standing near us, a small smile on her scarred face. In spite of the disfigurement, I thought she looked beautiful today–more royal than I'd ever seen her. Her long black hair gleamed, and she wore a navy skirt and lacy tank top. She even had on high heels and jewelry–something I was certain I'd never seen her wearing. I was happy to see her; I hadn't known she'd come to Court. An odd thought occurred to me. â€Å"Have they finally let you have a guardian?† The royals had a lot of quiet, polite ways of shunning those who were in disgrace. In the Ozeras' case, their guardian allotment had been cut in half as kind of a punishment for what Christian's parents had done. It was totally unfair. The Ozeras deserved the same rights as any other royal family. She nodded. â€Å"I think they're hoping it'll shut me up about Moroi fighting with dhampirs. Kind of a bribe.† â€Å"One you won't fall for, I'm sure.† â€Å"Nope. If anything, it'll just give me someone to practice with.† Her smile faded, and she cast uncertain looks among us. â€Å"I hope you won't be offended†¦ but I put in a request for you, Rose.† Lissa and I exchanged startled glances. â€Å"Oh.† I didn't know what else to say. â€Å"I hope they'll give you to Lissa,† Tasha added hastily, clearly uncomfortable. â€Å"But the queen seems pretty dead-set on her own choices. If that's the case†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"It's okay,† I said. â€Å"If I can't be with Lissa, then I really would rather be with you.† It was the truth. I wanted Lissa more than anyone else in the world, but if they kept us apart, then I'd absolutely prefer Tasha to some snobby royal. Of course, I was pretty sure my odds of getting assigned to her were as bad as those of getting assigned to Lissa. Those who were angry at me for running off would go out of their way to put me in the most unpleasant situation possible. And even if she was being granted a guardian, I had a feeling Tasha's preferences wouldn't be high priority either. My future was still a big question mark. â€Å"Hey,† exclaimed Adrian, offended that I hadn't named him as my second choice. I shook my head at him. â€Å"You know they'd assign me to a woman anyway. Besides, you've got to do something with your life to earn a guardian.† I meant it jokingly, but a small frown made me think I might have actually hurt his feelings. Tasha, meanwhile, looked relieved. â€Å"I'm glad you don't mind. In the meantime, I'll do what I can to help you two.† She rolled her eyes. â€Å"Not that my opinion counts for much.† Sharing my misgivings about getting assigned to Tasha seemed pointless. Instead, I started to thank her for the offer, but we were then joined by yet another visitor: Daniella Ivashkov. â€Å"Adrian,† she chastised gently, a small smile on her face, â€Å"you can't keep Rose and Vasilisa all to yourself.† She turned to Lissa and me. â€Å"The queen would like to see you both.† Lovely. We both stood up, but Adrian remained sitting, having no desire to visit his aunt. Tasha apparently didn't either. Seeing her, Daniella gave a curt, polite nod. â€Å"Lady Ozera.† She then walked away, assuming we'd follow. I found it ironic that Daniella seemed willing to accept me but still held that typical aloof Ozera-prejudice. I guess her niceness only went so far. Tasha, however, had long since grown immune to that sort of treatment. â€Å"Have fun,† she said. She looked over at Adrian. â€Å"More champagne?† â€Å"Lady Ozera,† he said grandly, â€Å"you and I are two minds with a single thought.† I hesitated before following Lissa to Tatiana. I'd taken in Tasha's grand appearance but only now really paid attention to something. â€Å"Is all your jewelry silver?† I asked. She absentmindedly touched the opal necklace around her neck. Her fingers were adorned with three rings. â€Å"Yes,† she said, confused. â€Å"Why?† â€Å"This is going to sound really weird†¦ well, maybe not compared to my normal weirdness. But could we, um, borrow all of those?† Lissa shot me a look and immediately guessed my motives. We needed more charms and were short on silver. Tasha arched an eyebrow, but like so many of my friends, she had a remarkable ability to roll with weird ideas. â€Å"Sure,† she said. â€Å"But can I give them to you later? I don't really want to strip my jewelry in the middle of this party.† â€Å"No problem.† â€Å"I'll have them sent to your room.† With that settled, Lissa and I walked over to where Tatiana was surrounded by admirers and those wanting to suck up. Daniella had to be mistaken in saying Tatiana wanted to see both of us. The memory of her yelling at me over Adrian still burned in my head, and dinner at the Ivashkovs' hadn't fooled me into thinking the queen and I were suddenly best friends. Yet, astonishingly, when she caught sight of Lissa and me, she was all smiles. â€Å"Vasilisa. And Rosemarie.† She beckoned us closer, and the group parted. I approached with Lissa, my steps tentative. Was I going to get yelled at in front of all these people? Apparently not. There were always new royals to meet, and Tatiana first introduced Lissa to all of them. Everyone was curious about the Dragomir princess. I was introduced as well, though the queen didn't go out of her way to sing my praises as she did Lissa's. Still, being acknowledged at all was incredible. â€Å"Vasilisa,† said Tatiana, once the formalities were finished, â€Å"I was thinking you should visit Lehigh soon. Arrangements are being made for you to go in, oh, maybe a week and a half. We thought it would be a nice treat for your birthday. Serena and Grant will accompany you, naturally, and I'll send a few others.† Serena and Grant were the guardians who had replaced Dimitri and me as Lissa's future protection. Of course they'd be going with her. Then, Tatiana said the most startling thing of all. â€Å"And you can go too, if you'd like, Rose. Vasilisa could hardly celebrate without you.† Lissa lit up. Lehigh University. The lure that had made her accept a life at Court. Lissa yearned for as much knowledge as she could get, and the queen had given her a chance at it. The prospect of a visit totally filled her with eagerness and excitement–especially if she could celebrate her eighteenth birthday there with me. It was enough to distract her from Victor and Christian, which was saying something. â€Å"Thank you, Your Majesty. That'd be great.† There was a strong possibility, I knew, that we might not be around for this scheduled visit–not if my plan for Victor worked. But I didn't want to ruin Lissa's happiness–and I could hardly mention it in this royal crowd. I was also kind of stunned that I'd been invited at all. After issuing the invite, the queen said nothing else to me and continued speaking with the others around her. Yet, she'd been pleasant–for her, at least–while addressing me, just as she had at the Ivashkov home. Not best-friend nice but certainly not raving-bitch insane, either. Maybe Daniella had been right. More pleasantries followed as everyone chatted and tried to impress the queen, and it soon became clear that I was no longer needed. Glancing around the room, I found someone I needed to talk to and meekly separated myself from the group, knowing Lissa could fend for herself. â€Å"Eddie,† I called, reaching the other side of the ballroom. â€Å"Alone at last.† Eddie Castile, a longtime friend of mine, grinned when he saw me. He too was a dhampir, tall with a long, narrow face that still had a cute, boyish look to it. He had tamed his dark, sandy-blond hair for a change. Lissa had once hoped Eddie and I would date, but he and I were strictly just friends. His best friend had been Mason, a sweet guy who'd been crazy about me and who had been murdered by Strigoi. After his death, Eddie and I had adopted protective attitudes toward each other. He'd later been kidnapped during the attack at St. Vladimir's, and his experiences had made him a serious and determined guardian–sometimes a little too serious. I wanted him to have more fun and was delighted to see the happy glint in his hazel eyes now. â€Å"I think every royal in the room's been trying to bribe you,† I teased. It wasn't entirely a joke. I'd been keeping an eye on him throughout the party, and there'd always been someone with him. His record was stellar. Surviving the awful events in his life might have scarred him, but they reflected well on his skills. He had great grades and ratings from the trial. Most importantly, he didn't have my reckless reputation. He was a good catch. â€Å"Kind of seems that way.† He laughed. â€Å"I didn't really expect it.† â€Å"You're so modest. You're the hottest thing in this room.† â€Å"Not compared to you.† â€Å"Yeah. As shown by the people lining up to talk to me. Tasha Ozera's the only one who wants me as far as I know. And Lissa, of course.† Lines of thought creased Eddie's face. â€Å"Could be worse.† â€Å"It will be worse. No way will I get either of them.† We fell silent, and a sudden anxiety filled me. I'd come to ask a favor of Eddie, and it no longer seemed like a good idea. Eddie was on the verge of a shining career. He was a loyal friend, and I'd been certain he'd help with what I needed†¦ but I suddenly didn't think I could ask. Like Mia, however, Eddie was observant. â€Å"What's wrong, Rose?† His voice was concerned–that protective nature kicking in. I shook my head. I couldn't do it. â€Å"Nothing.† â€Å"Rose,† he said warningly. I looked away, unable to meet his eyes. â€Å"It's not important. Really.† I'd find another way, someone else. To my surprise, he reached out to touch my chin and tip my head back up. His gaze caught mine, allowing no escape. â€Å"What do you need?† I stared at him for a long time. I was so selfish, risking the lives and reputations of friends I cared about. If Christian and Lissa weren't on the outs, I'd be asking him, too. But Eddie was all that was left to me. â€Å"I need something†¦ something that's pretty extreme.† His face was still serious, but his lips tugged into a wry smile. â€Å"Everything you do is extreme, Rose.† â€Å"Not like this. This is†¦ well, it's something that could ruin everything for you. Get you in big trouble. I can't do that to you.† That half smile vanished. â€Å"It doesn't matter,† he said fiercely. â€Å"If you need me, I'll do it. No matter what it is.† â€Å"You don't know what it is.† â€Å"I trust you.† â€Å"It's kind of illegal. Treasonous, even.† That took him aback for a moment, but he stayed resolute. â€Å"Whatever you need. I don't care. I've got your back.† I'd saved Eddie's life twice, and I knew he meant what he said. He felt indebted to me. He would go wherever I asked, not out of romantic love, but out of friendship and loyalty. â€Å"It's illegal,† I repeated. â€Å"You'd have to sneak out of Court†¦ tonight. And I don't know when we'd be back.† It was entirely possible that we wouldn't come back. If we had a run-in with prison guards†¦ well, they might take lethal measures to do their duty. It was what all of us had trained for. But I couldn't pull this breakout off with Lissa's compulsion alone. I needed another fighter at my back. â€Å"Just tell me when.† And that was all there was to it. I didn't tell him the full extent of our plan, but I gave him that night's rendezvous location and told him what he would need to bring. He never questioned me. He said he'd be there. New royals came to talk to him just then, and I left him, knowing he'd show up later. It was hard, but I pushed aside my guilt over possibly endangering his future. Eddie arrived, just as he'd promised, when my plan unfolded later that night. Lissa did too. Again, night meant â€Å"broad daylight.† I felt that same anxiety I did when we'd sneaked around with Mia. Light exposed everything, but then, most people were asleep. Lissa, Eddie, and I still moved through the Court's grounds as covertly as we could, meeting Mikhail in a section of the compound that held all sorts of garaged vehicles. The garages were big metal, industrial-looking buildings set on the fringes of Court, and no one else was out. We slipped into the garage he'd indicated last night, and I was relieved to find no one else there. He surveyed the three of us, looking surprised at my â€Å"strike team,† but he offered no questions and made no further attempts to join us. More guilt surged up within me. Here was someone else who was risking his future for me. â€Å"Gonna be a tight fit,† he mused. I forced a smile. â€Å"We're all friends here.† Mikhail didn't laugh at my joke but instead popped the trunk of a black Dodge Charger. He wasn't kidding about the tight fit. It was a newer one, which was kind of a shame. An older model would have been bigger, but guardians only kept top-of-the-line stuff around. â€Å"Once we're far enough away, I'll pull over and let you out,† he said. â€Å"We'll be fine,† I assured him. â€Å"Let's do this.† Lissa, Eddie, and I crawled into the trunk. â€Å"Oh God,† muttered Lissa. â€Å"I hope no one's claustrophobic.† It was like a bad game of Twister. The trunk was large enough for some luggage but not intended for three people. We were squeezed together, and personal space was nonexistent. We were all up close and personal. Satisfied we were all snug, Mikhail closed the trunk and darkness engulfed us. The engine started a minute later, and I felt the car move. â€Å"How long until you think we stop?† asked Lissa. â€Å"Or die from carbon monoxide poisoning?† â€Å"We haven't even left the Court yet,† I noted. She sighed. The car drove off, and not too long afterward, we came to a stop. Mikhail must have reached the gates and been chatting with the guards. He'd told me earlier that he'd come up with some excuse or other to run an errand, and we had no reason to believe the guards would question him or search the car. The Court wasn't worried about people sneaking out, like our school had been. The biggest concern here was people getting inside. A minute passed, and I uneasily wondered if there was a problem. Then the car moved again, and all three of us exhaled in relief. We picked up speed, and after what I suspected was a mile or so, the car veered sideways and came to a stop. The trunk popped open, and we spilled out of it. I'd never been so grateful for fresh air. I got in the passenger seat beside Mikhail, and Lissa and Eddie took the back. Once we were settled, Mikhail continued driving without another word. I allowed myself a few more moments of guilt over the people I'd involved but then let it go. It was too late to worry now. I also let go of my guilt about Adrian. He would have been a good ally, but I could hardly ask for his help in this. And with that, I settled back and turned my thoughts to the job before us. It would take us about an hour to get to the airport, and from there, the three of us were off to Alaska.

Business Ethics Reflection Essay Example for Free (#2)

Business Ethics Reflection Essay In any organization workers can face ethical dilemmas. On a daily basic people are posed with ethical dilemmas and have to decide to making the correct or the wrong choice. Some may not realize but we make ethical work choices at times and may not even realize it. For instance you are late to work and they have already been given a final warning. When we come in no one is there to notice that you are late. Do you get in and start working as if you were on time, or do you clock in where your time will be documented and recorded that you were late. This situation is one that my fellow coworkers face on daily basics. I have noticed that when posed with this ethical choice they choose to do what is correct for them, not necessarily what is correct by the organization. We may see if as covering our own behind, but it actually violates ones business ethics. What some may not realize is that business ethics and personal values mirror each other very closely. In business they ask the same as society, no lying, stealing or cheating. Take responsibility and do what is correct, make the correct decision. The only question is who do you make the correct decision for, you or the company. In that situation most have choose to look out for self. When it comes down to making ethical choices that may put one self at risk people chose themselves over the business. This is when personal values may come into play. To do correct by whom, yourself or the company that you work for? In most personal value one would say to always look out for self first. So in their book the decision to not let anyone know that they were late does just that. Moral concepts are very similar to values, its one innate ability to do what is correct with in. The same is with virtue, Virtue-based ethical theories place less emphasis on which rules people should follow and instead focus on helping people develop good character traits (Cline). There are many external pressures that could have influenced the decision to cover ones behind and not tell anyone that they were late such as the current economical status. If the country is not doing well economically and people find it hard to obtain a good job within a reasonable amount of time. Then one would defiantly choose to violate business ethics. Other external pressures could be their current financial state. People that are in better than average financial positions or are financially stable. I could continue to list other external situations that could affect a person’s ability to make what they may view as the correct business decision verse the best moral decision for one self. If placed in a similar situation I would choose to look out for self. When I reflect on my bringing and what I was taught I was always taught to do what is best for me and my family. Regardless of who may be affected, making sure that my family was always taken care of came first. Although it may not be the best choice for all involved, it is the best for me and mine. At the point that I am in life I make my decision very wisely. I first think about who is going to be affected by the choice that I make. If I would choose to tell that I was late and face being terminated and that would put my family at risk for some financial instability. I know that many choice that we are forced to make in our business life can be unethical when it comes to work. But in our personal life they are considered to be ethical as well as morally correct choices. When it comes to decisions they will never be what is best for all. All members in the party want to make the choice that is best for them. Virtue, value and moral concepts are what people choose to live by to help them guide them in their personal and professional lives. Business Ethics Reflection. (2017, Feb 17). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you

Analysis paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 11

Analysis paper - Essay Example Consequently, in the pursuit to deal with defraud, there was the need for the consumer protection agency. In addition, improved product warranties were also a necessity at this time. Closely associated with the issue of products warrant improvement was ensuring that there was no fault insurance. Besides the major changes that were being advocated for seeking to protect the consumer, there were other fundamental but rather minor changes that were to be addressed. Meat inspection was needed to ensure that people consumed safe food. Truth in lending, as well as packaging, was to be ensured as part of a means to ensure consumer protection. Auto safety and improvement of the workers’ living standards were also to be addressed by the consumer protection agency. Unions’ commitment to the notion of organization was a means of getting to power. Activities associated with the commitments of the unions such as their important roles that they played in the government legislation as well as protection of workers were a strategic route to power. Well, this strategy was a success and it favored most of the candidates who championed for the consumerism agenda in his/her manifesto such as President Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon (Cohen 352). Thus, consumer politics, which include more such as the socialism, cooperatives, self-sufficiency, anti-consumption as well among others, are associated with political success (Cohen 359). As much as the unions had self-centered interests of power, they contributed substantially to ensuring that consumers were provided with safe and quality products. Thus, children could no longer be fed on low nutrition foods or play with poor quality toys. There was more integrity in the labor market as well as with the processing of genuine products. Transparency was enhanced which could be seen in the truth in labeling and packaging (Cohen 352). The obvious tenacity that was profoundly

One of the Most Rewarding and Captivating Activities Essay

One of the Most Rewarding and Captivating Activities - Essay Example It is pure pleasure to be around children because they cannot be in one mood for a long time: one moment they are sad and the other they are definitely happy. Baking as a hobby is an interesting and useful activity, and it is often regarded as the highest level of culinary skills. When making some sweets, cakes or muffins it interesting to observe how a whole new piece of food appears out of nowhere: one moment you have only ingredients and the other people can taste your pastry. Combining these two joyful things: working with children and baking is a great chance to change the world here and now. Having an opportunity to help the children who live in low-class families and have no possibility to eat enough healthy food is a great chance to influence someone else`s life. At the age of twenty, she got this chance to influence the life of New Mexico community. Growing up really quickly she realized that she does not want to sit at home or play anymore and that she wanted to help other children to have a real childhood. That is how she became a volunteer making food for children who could not afford it. She dedicated one day a week to this work but was really happy to do it. As she was rather young nobody believed that she could do such a work well. On the first day when she got there, the woman who was also working in the kitchen laughed at and said that she had better go join other kids and play. But when she persuaded her to give her a chance and to help the woman soon realized that the young look had nothing to do with experience and expertise. She could only say â€Å"You know everything! What are you going to do at twenty?†. But there was so much to learn ahead that she barely found time for everything. Being a high school student she continued her charity work with children. By this time she has gained a lot of skills that were very useful in work with children especially disabled children. Those kids who have special needs require a lot of attention and care, and communication with them must be exceptionally effective.     

Services Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Services Marketing - Essay Example UK bus industry having about 9000 licensed bus companies now supports about 170,000 odd jobs. There are about 22000 bus services registered within UK. Stagecoach comprises of one of the largest bus operators in UK. It runs about 8100 buses and employs around 35000 staff. It is also engaged in providing rail and tram services in UK. Size The daily travel density across the country is about 2 million people. Major competitors for the concern include Cowie, FirstBus, Arriva, West Midlands Travel, National Express, First and GoAhead. Other competitors include international bus service agencies and independent operators (Arriva. 2013). Competitive Structure Since 1985, the bus industry has seen a growth that is remarkable. Presently, 4 of the major bus operators, namely, Cowie, FirstBus, Stagecoach and West Midlands Travel have more than 50% market share. However, the typical market structure specific to a bus industry is that unlike other manufacturing and service concerns, bus service i ndustry focuses majorly on numerous local markets. The local market is evidently the large urban areas (Tsiotsou, and Goldsmith, 2012). What is also striking about the market is that each one of the big 4 operators has almost equal market share with none having a significant market presence in all of the regions. If any of these big four operators want to become a market leader, they would necessarily need a very aggressive marketing strategy to acquire the market of other competitors. Competition is very limited because each one has its own market niche and customer set (Competition Commission, 2013). Opportunity and Threat Analysis Opportunities: Acquisitions Stagecoach is operating in a market where there are primarily three major competitors, namely, Cowie, FirstBus and West Midlands. Here, each bus operator has almost equal share in the industry ad each one acts as a major market player. Competition is faced by these 3 bus operators alone; rest smaller operators do not pose sig nificant threat (Reuters, 2013). This is because the bus market in US is geographically segregated. Each player has his set and defined market area. Players do not compete in each other’s defined territories. This culminates in what is known as a lack of head to head competition. Bus operators are running excess profits because of lack of competition in their area of operation. Cities like Oxford, Nottingham and Sheffield were among the few places where there was some sort of competition observed (The Courier, 2012). With a view to become a market leader and overcome such competition, Stagecoach can employ a consolidation strategy. It can expand its operations, and thereby market share by a series of acquisitions of smaller bus operators. With such acquisition based expansion, benefits to passengers will be felt directly in the form of falling prices, better services and higher frequencies. As for the firms, intense rivalry shall lead to one large firm being replaced by the o ther such that it leads to complete shutdown of the weaker firm (ReportLinker, 2013). Emerging markets and expansion abroad Stagecoach operates majorly in UK and is expanding its operations in USA, NewZealand and Canada. Emerging nations like Brazil, China, India and Indonesia are countries full of growth opportunities. Expansion of bus services in these countries would be a great business opportunity. Countries like China and India have a huge

Engineering manager doing research and analysis Coursework

Engineering manager doing research and analysis - Coursework Example This will need conscious effort from the student but is very effective. Practices like switching to eco-friendly bulbs, switching off electrical appliances when not in use, use of eco-friendly alternatives in everyday life contribute to the conversation of energy. Also use of recyclable and reusable products are advised as this reduces the waste that goes into the environment. Products that cannot be reused must be boycotted on the campus by the students. Students must get actively involved making their campus greener ad eco-friendly. Plants can be grown on the rooftops of dorm and apartment buildings. Waste reduction and management will also help to keep the campus clean and greener. Conscious effort in commuting can also be an effective go green initiative. Riding bikes, using mass transport options, alternative vehicles and energy, etc will reduce the stress that transport puts on the environment. Video conferencing can be used as an effective tool for communication in the campus and wherever possible. Use of paper must be reduced and softcopies of documents must be used as an alternative to printouts. These practices as a whole will help reducing overall carbon footprint of the student body. Introduction With global warming reaching alarming figures, it has now become a major global concern. There is a need for immediate action in order to curb global warming and reduce its effects on the environment. The governments, organizations, companies, institutions worldwide have woken up to the fact that there needs to take measures sooner than later to fight global warming. Going green or eco-friendly is now the most important social responsibility. This report is a recommendation plan to the University of Greenwich on various green strategies that it can adopt to enable students studying in the university to go green. Various green strategies and practices have been analysed. There are numerous green strategies such as water and electricity conservation, acquisit ion of alternate fuel vehicles for communication inside the campus, recycling, water preservation, green building, green power, waste diversion, reduction of emission of green house gases, green space and ecosystems.etc. But in this report only those strategies are suggested that will enable the students studying in the University to go green. Practice Energy Conservation This is the most simple of solutions and the one that is most difficult and neglected. Students must try to conserve energy wherever possible. Use less energy wherever possible. Switch the old fashioned light bulbs to latest one which saves energy. Use alternate energy wherever possible. Small steps like switching off your computers, lights and other electric equipment when not in use when practiced by a large number of people, in this case students, make a huge difference. Even setting the computer in sleep mode when not in use can save a lot of energy. Products that have eco-friendly alternative must be purchased even if it would be a little costlier as it will pay off in a long run (Swallow, 2009). For example, energy start products contribute to the cause. Items that are not being used such as appliances, cell phone chargers must be unplugged. Even though they are not being used, they draw electricity from the outlets (Carnegie Mellon, 2012). All students must be introduced to the various ways on conserving energy on a day-to-day basis and must

Biology lab report ( includes abstract, intro, results, dissections ) - 1

Biology ( includes abstract, intro, results, dissections ) - Lab Report Example It was found from the comparison that the on average the northern population of Crotalus atrox has much greater heterozygosity than the southern population. Thus it can be considered that the northern population has more genetic variation than the southern population. Various reasons can be accounted for this genetic variation such as mutation in migration because of changed habitat, inbreeding within the southern population, as well as the genetic mechanisms such as genetic drift and gene flow bringing in forces like founder effect and population bottleneck. Therefore it can be concluded that the highway construction has impacted the genetic variations of the populations of Crotalus atrox. Crotalus atrox is an eminent species in semiarid communities, deserts of North America and reside in various regions. Although this specific rattlesnake’s species are not regarded as endangered, however, investigating this species will aid in the development of better protection and conservation practices (Brennan, 2008). The heterozygosity of Crotalus atrox, the Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake’s two populations has been explored in order to ascertain if any change has occurred within the microsatellite diversity amongst the chosen two populations of Crotalus atrox. Investigation of microsatellite diversity leads to better comprehension of genetic fitness and variation within the species. It also provides an opportunity to penetrate on ways of conservation to prevent endangerment caused by the human made (anthropogenic) barriers, which are introduced into the natural habitats. There have been various studies done to explore the influence of anthropogenic barriers on the lives of various organisms. Landscape genetics reveals the way landscape features may impact the population structure by associating genetic discontinuities with environmental or landscape features. These features include climatic, edaphic, biotic and other

The Neoclassical World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Neoclassical World - Essay Example Recorded revolutions in history have strongly exhibited the power of extraordinary artists and how they influenced, promoted, lead and executed the activities of revolution which finally made a common man victorious over ruthless tyrants. One of the beautiful characteristics of history is, as they say that it repeats itself. The proposed methodology seeks to find answers from the past, exploring the reinforcement of revolts during the French revolution, the artistic and political role of the revolutionary French painter Jacques-Louis David. It also struggles to find an inspirational connection between David’s work and the present uprisings in the Arab world which is also known as Arab Spring. What role, media has acquired for the awareness and what it may accomplish by inspiring the masses and promoting the rights of a common man through its various channels and networks around the globe. To fulfill this rigorous task, I have divided this essay in to five sections, while the f irst two discusses about the contribution of David’s art pieces during French revolution; the latter two highlights the significant inspirations derived from his work in the present time and how media can role play David to reinforce or promote Arab Spring. I have also included my observation proceeded by the conclusion on this research. David and the French Revolution Delacroix called him 'The father of the entire modern school in painting and sculpture' (Delacroix, 768) Jacques-Louise was a French artistic leader who rose prominently in the 1780's France .His monumental paintings carried antique themes; they were aesthetic and stylistic forms of French art. He contributed to the French revolution and also served in the National convention as a deputy in the period from 1792 to 1794. He was put in prison after the fall of Robespierre in 1794. His works and paintings depicts the psychological expressions of an Individual’s character through his most famous work â€Å" Oath of the Tennis† and â€Å"Coronation† in which he painted group of people standing and witnessing the significant incidents in history (Dorothy 35). He also used to deliver speeches on issues that concerned him from art to politics to reinforcement and these were also published (Dorothy 42). Stefan Johnson, in his book analyzes David's Tennis Court Oath as being a revolutionary event both dignified and rebellious. It features a man in the centre slightly above the others, reading out an oath while people surrounding him are to repeat the oat after him. The ceremonial oath was done on June 20, 1789 in the tennis court right outside the royal palace in Versailles and just after three weeks the France witnessed the beginning of its revolution (Stefan 5). All the educated and intellectual class in that era was afraid of revolution. While expressing such fear they used to repeat these words mob, crowd, and the mass. At that point of time, the mass was often recognized as a band of fools (Stefan 8). 21st Century and the Arab Spring Arab spring is a term given to the revolutionary storm in the Middle Eastern countries; these disturbances started in December 2010 and are still going on. Countries like Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and Yemen forcefully evicted their respective rulers from powerful positions. Countries like Bahrain, Syria are also on the threshold of uprising. Mass Protests against the

Frankenstein - 1931 and 1997 Essay Example for Free

Frankenstein 1931 and 1997 Essay Horror genre, sympathy for Frankensteins creation and suspense Mary Wollstonecraft Shelly wrote Frankenstein in 1818. She was only 19 at the time. She had a unique upbringing as her mother was a radical feminist and her father was a politician. She then went on to marry Percy Bysshe Shelly who was a poet and helped her to write some of her book. Shellys book was thought to be the first horror/science fiction novel. There have been a number of productions of Shellys novel on stage and in 1931 there was a black and white movie about it, directed by James Whale. Then in 1997, Kenneth Branagh did his own production of the well-known novel. Scenes showing typical horror genre, sympathy for Frankensteins creature and scenes that create suspense are commonly found in the two movies of Frankenstein. The directors have used different media techniques to portray the movie in the way they want it to be viewed and interpreted by their choice of music, camera angles, special effects, editing, costumes, make-up, location and settings. The use of mise-en-scene is also important because if the things in the background dont match whats being acted the movie becomes unbelievable. Allowances like sound, colour and a few other things have to be made for the older versions of Frankenstein because the technology in the days it was made were very limited. By studying the birth scenes in both versions, the techniques used to create horror, drama and suspense and sympathy for the creature can be analysed. There are some similarities in both movies and some differences. First of all Ill explain the similarities and then the differences. In the Whale and Branagh versions both use low-key lighting to create a dark and spooky feeling. This is typical of horror movies and it can also create suspense because the audience cant tell what is around the corners. This creates suspicion, worry and uncertainty. It is also used because it connects with peoples fear of the dark. It is common to find bad weather in horror movies and this is evident in both of the Frankenstein movies. It is used just before and at the same time of the births. Whale and Branagh have used this technique because it gives a cold feeling and it gives credibility to what is happening in the foreground because the lighting, electricity is needed to make Frankensteins monster come alive. The locations of the births are quite typical too. In the Whale version its in a castle on top of a hill. Like House on haunted hill and it looks creepy and somewhere you would want to be. In the Branagh version its more like hell with cauldrons, heat and sweat. It reminds me of a witch brewing an evil poison. Both places for the birth are effective in creating a horror atmosphere but the second choice is less obvious. Non-diegetic, parallel fast background music can be heard in the birth scene in Branaghs version and this creates suspense because it gets peoples adrenalin going. But it is typically found in horror movies for this reason in particular. In the Whale version there is no music but this could be because of how old the movie is and it was hard to sequence the music with the scenes. In the Branagh version of Frankenstein one of the best ways sympathy is created for the creature is by the way he is presented to the audience. He looks almost human but has scars all over his face and body. It looks like someone who has been hurt badly and we feel sorry for him. On the other hand in the Whale version though its harder to feel sorry for Frankensteins monster because he looks less human and its harder to connect to him emotionally. In the Whale version Frankenstein is wearing a lab coat and his hair is gelled back. He looks more professional and like a proper doctor. This makes us feel sorry for Frankensteins creation because it shows that Frankenstein just sees him as an experiment and not as a human being with feelings. Whereas in the Branagh version he looks more wild and rough looking. This gives us the feeling he does care about the outcome of the monster because he has been so busy trying to make the monster alive that he has forgotten about himself and when he thinks the monster is dead he goes No, No, No, implying that he is saddened that it didnt work. In Branaghs version of Frankenstein you feel sympathetic with the monster when he is born, as he is naked, clumsy, and unable to walk. Amniotic fluid is everywhere and we watch Frankensteins monster slide and slip about. He appears vulnerable, like a baby. He cant control what hes doing and Frankenstein has to help him. This makes us pity him. This contradicts with the Whale version as we dont get to see the monster moving about, trying to touch or walk in the birth scene so we dont feel for him as much as he is still covered up and still practically lifeless.

Role Of Concurrent Engineering Information Technology Essay

Role Of Concurrent Engineering Information Technology Essay Concurrent engineering is basically a product development method and is quite different from the traditional development approach as it employs simultaneous rather than sequential process. The companies implementing CE feel that by completing tasks in parallel product development is accomplished more efficiently and it also saves cost. This is basically a management philosophy and any organization or company can implement this whether it small, medium or large. This is a systematic approach to the integrated concurrent design of products and their related processes including manufacture and support. The work is done through cross functional teams in which engineers and managers of different disciplines work together simultaneously in developing product and process design. Basic motive of this approach is that it cause the developers from the outset to consider all elements of the product life cycle from concept disposal which includes terms like quality, cost, schedule and user requirements. Concurrent engineering process is also known as iterative development method. It requires continual review of a teams progress and frequent revision of project plans. The rationale behind this creative thinking is forward looking approach which is beneficial because errors can be discovered easily and they are less costly to correct at initial stages. How to know whether the concurrent engineering is for a particular company or not? The following factors help to determine this:- If the company faces any kind of below given problem:- If there is competitive pressure to develop new products. If there exists any kind of delays in product launch. Budget of developing product is higher than acceptable. Customer requirements are not known clearly. No transfer of knowledge from one product development project to the next. Any kind of shifting of responsibility for product development from one function to another. Above were the factors that enable us to determine that whether the company requires adopting the process of concurrent engineering for product development or not. It is very important to know that whether the company has ability to implement the process in there company. Belows are the factors that help to learn that whether the organization will be able to implement the required process in there company or not. Is there willingness to change for improvement in the company? Is senior management that committed and dedicated to work? Able to encourage and support team work. DIAGRAMMTIC REPRESENTATION PRODUCT SPECIFICATION MARKETING CONCEPT ENGINEERI-NG DESIGN CONCURRENT PROCESS DETAIL ENGINEERI-NG DESIGN BUILD PRODUCT ENGINEERING TEST TEST ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE PURCHASING SELL SALES The above mentioned is the diagrammatic representation of process which includes product specification, concept, details, build-up, testing, manufacturing and selling too. The processes as shown in the diagram are two way processes errors are also simultaneously checked as thus its name is concurrent process. Key features of concurrent engineering DESCRIPTION OF CE This is a systematic approach to the integrated product development which emphasizes response to customer expectations and embodies team values of cooperation, trust and sharing in such a manner that decision making proceeds with large intervals of parallel working by all life-cycle perspectives synchronized, by comparatively brief exchanges. INCLUSIONS Things are done simultaneously Process is the main focus Company is open to change Needs of customers, suppliers, quality control, marketing, sales and manufacturers are balanced and prioritized. GOALS OF CE Great competition Leads to improved profits Sales and profits from new products are raised Leads to reduction of human and capital costs Maintains or increases product quality Promotes team spirit and different departments come together SCOPE OF CE The process change is implemented within 1-2 years. Involvement of people with stakes in new products Focus is basically on process improvements. STRATERGIC BENEFITS OF CONCURRENT ENGINEERING CE is a management philosophy which is dedicated to the improvement of customer satisfaction through improved quality and reduced costs. The development time also reduces. Time to market also reduces and leads to reconciliation of conflicting requirements in product development. DIFFICULTIES IN IMPLEMENTATION Below are the difficulties which companies normally face while implementing CE:- Implementation is a major challenge. Cross functional change initiatives have high rates of failures. It involves radical cultural change in an area that is extremely complex and pressurized. If management does not support the employees or there is inadequate reward systems or say customers or supplier involvement is not good. Computer aided designs and tools are no available. If there are inadequate training and expertise. If company faces difficulty in managing or controlling technical processes. SUCCESS FACTORS IN IMPLEMENTING CE Pilot projects Change agents Team enrolment Team engagement Gaining commitment of functional managers Realignment of organizational processes and structures. PILOT PROJECTS These projects are a popular way to achieve radical changes to current working practices on small organization, where conditions are controlled and are managed by seniors or project leaders. Introduction of pilot projects was done to reduce the scale of initial changes within organization and also to evaluate potential impact. By this method high levels of implementation cost, risk and time can be reduced. There are two sub-components of pilot projects. The first one is concerned with selection of right pilot. It is easier to select the appropriate project such that it is easy to demonstrate as success. But what happens in some organizations is that senior management is under time constraints and also sometimes the next project is classified as project. There are organizations that select pilot projects that are of low risk to organization and this is mainly done to reduce overall failure. The second sub component deals with the visibility and promotion of the project within the internal organization. Mostly the organizations consider pilot project as high profile. This leads to organizations profit margins, creates newness to market and senior managements efforts in internally symbolizing the project by the usage of posters, newsletters and all these activities improves overall competitive market position. CHANGE AGENTS Change agents demonstrate the senior management understanding of the amount of time and effort required in implementation of concurrent engineering successfully. Internal change agents include engineering champions, product champions, and organized change teams of individual from different levels of the organization containing both part time and full time members. Some have hierarchical change agents. It helps to change peoples values and behaviors. TEAM ENROLMENT Concurrent engineering involves the process of bringing together knowledge and expertise from different areas in early phases of product development process. Team development leads to improvement of informal communication and functional integration. The team members and leaders selection is done in informal and unstructured manner. This involves two important processes; team engagement is the very first process includes how team members and leaders are selected and how they are located to work as a team unit. The second process is of empowering the team to carry out its product development activities successfully. The two main elements are assignment of new roles and responsibilities for team members and leaders. TEAM ENGAGEMENT Tenure of Team Leader and Team Member Functional skills and expertise are not required at a consistent level throughout the project and in most organizations the combination of full-time and part time team members. Collocation The permanent collocation of core team members from different functional departments and the team leaders and dispersion of the extended team members was the most prevalent method of improving multi-disciplinary interaction. TEAM EMPOWERMENT Team empowerment incorporates clarifying team leaders and roles of team members and their responsibilities. Sometimes team leaders roles and responsibilities are generated through forma methods. The main purpose is to clarify the team members and leaders their roles and responsibilities within team working environment. In some of the organizations this is done basically to keep the employees focused and thus help them achieve there objective. This proves to be quite beneficial in the two early product development stages that are product specification and project plan. GAINING COMMITMENT OF FUNCTIONAL MANAGERS In organizations senior management and internal change agents tended to use functional managers to gain information. In some of the cases educators and informants of concurrent engineering are assigned home functions. REALIGNMENT OF ORGANISATIONAL PROCESSES AND STRUCTURES The changes are implemented in following areas:- Introduction to process improvement teams Education and training for teams Reward and recognition system Methods to transfer team knowledge EXTRA ROLES OF CONCURRENT ENGINEERING Over the last few years, there are many government sponsored and intiated studies have highlighted the need for the improvement of efficiency and competitiveness of the UK construction industry. This is done because it leads to reduce costs, project durations, improved quality, project procurement practices that are used in UK construction industry. It brings together multi disciplinary teams in which project developers from different areas work together and parallel. These cross functional contains systems engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, systems producibility. This process incorporates everything also the purchasing, marketing, production, quality assurance, the field and other functional groups. The implementation of CE involves three main areas which are people, process and technology. It includes major organizational changes because it requires the integration of people, business methods and technology. It has greater role in concurrent engineering in Weapon System Acquisition. There is greater role of concurrent engineering in human resource management. It is useful as a collaborative method for educational projects in engineering education. Role in education project is that it helps in setting up clear goal and define project boundaries for students and teachers, it helps define good structures for information handling, especially for supervisors and introduce a client role that continuously could define project requirements. There is greater role of concurrent engineering in the purchasing power. Companies that have implemented concurrent engineering report that they are producing higher quality products at lower costs and in less time than they were able to previously. It involves self management and leadership. CE plays an important role in product modeling. It also plays a vital role in system engineering management. EXAMPLES OF CONCURRENT ENGINEERING General electric aircraft engines divisions uses concurrent engineering for the development of engine. The teams achieved greater percentage reductions in design and procurement cycle times during full scale component tests. Second example is that of Boeings Ballistic Systems Division where concurrent engineering was used in 1988 to develop a mobile launcher and was able to reduce design by 40% and cost by 10% in building proto-type. Third example can be of Polaroids Corps Captiva instant camera which is again the result of concurrent engineering. ADVANTAGES Concurrent engineering practitioners claim that this design management system offers several benefits. Concurrent Engineering leads to: Improved customer satisfaction Improved quality Reduced cost Reduced new product development time Reduced time to market DISADVANTAGES There are some drawbacks associated with the initial implementation of concurrent engineering, including the need for considerable organizational restructuring and extensive retraining of workers. Such potentially disruptive changes and added work requirements may be met with resistance from managers and other employees. Also, there are usually considerable difficulties in transferring data among employees in different departments, which may require the additional tracking software applications. In addition to these significant up-front investments, organizations pursuing a concurrent engineering work model must typically wait several years before seeing the benefits of this transition.

the title of a paper :: essays research papers

Juvenile Delinquency Jeremy C. Newell Active Learning Activity Video in Class = 20 pts. Wednesday, March 6, 2002 The video hosted by Bill Moyer that we watched in class on March 4th involved violence in the mass media and the effects that it may have on children in modern day society. Video games sometimes display graphic violence as well as violent verbal messages that often convey a message of appeal to children. Movies often combine humor, violence, and/or sex in order to be more appealing to the audience. Usually two or more of these factors are used. Whether it is through these sources or as something as simple as the evening news, violence is everywhere in the media today and displays messages of approval that American society may not realize. Social learning theory tells us that through association with or exposure to others, delinquency is learned just as conformity is learned. Many of the movies and television programs that are seen today contain a fair amount of violence in them, whether it is a cartoon or an R-rated movie. In either situation, children imitate what they see on the television or in the Movie Theater. Just as children learn the difference between right and wrong through punishments and rewards, children also learn an underlying theme of good and evil. In this theme, certain acts of violence are acceptable if they are for the â€Å"good guys.† The crowd in the theater watching a film may applaud or shout messages of approval when the â€Å"good guys† blow up the "bad guys". As a consequence, children exit the Movie Theater aiming their fingers like guns and shooting their friends, parents, and/or siblings. They learn that the behavior is acceptable and they imitate it. Not only is this detrimental to their sensitivity to violence, it also teaches them that there are exceptions to the rules of society and that conformity is not always the easiest way to solve a problem. Living in American society, the easiest and fastest way to solve a problem doesn’t always mean that the solution is morally right or that everyone will approve of the methods one takes to accomplish it. I would also like to address the levels of appeal that Moyer points out in the film. Within each kind of scene, violent acts are often accompanied by sex or humor. Not only can this be used to bring a higher level of acceptance to the viewer, but it also brings a level of gratification or appeal to the scene.

Who Voted For the Nazis? :: World War II History

Who Voted For the Nazis? 1. Review the evidence concerning who voted for the Nazis in the elections in Germany of 1928 to 1933. Consider the different groups in society and the reasons why they may, or may not, have voted for the Nazis. Since 1928 the Nazi leaders had deliberately directed their propaganda at rural and middle class/lower middle class audiences. This therefore made it obvious that they were very likely to vote for the Nazis. Also, it has been estimated that the party attracting new voters and persuading many people who had not previously participated in elections to support their cause won nearly half of the Nazi seats. Hitler had a lot of support from the conservative right who had dominated Germany politically since 1929. Hitler seemed to appeal to each class and sector within the electorate by making specific pledges to suit each group. The middle classes made up the largest single proportion of Nazi support. It is thought that the reason for this is something to do with the Great Depression. They felt that they would not be able to cope with a second economic crisis so they moved to the more radical fringe. By middle class I mean artisans, small retailers, peasant farmers, civil servants and teachers. The upper classes-landowners, businessmen and industrialists-saw that Hitler would protect them from trade unions and the threat of communism and socialism on the left. The unemployed, peasants and young people supported Hitler but the party was weak in the south and in industrial cities. 2. Read the extracts below, which are taken from a variety of historians' views. What are their answers? To what extent do they agree? The answers, which are given by these extracts, tend to be along the same line. All of them seem to agree that the Nazis were very successful in protestant rural and middle class Germany. They also agree that it was big businesses, the young and the well off that were most likely to be in favour of the NSDAP. However the point at which some of them disagree is to do with the workers. The question seems to remain-did the workers vote for the Nazis? On one hand it seems obvious that they didn't because of what the Nazis offered (it was aimed at the middle classes and above), but on the other hand it was said by J.

Cynthia Ozick :: essays papers

Cynthia Ozick Cynthia Ozick was an American short story writer, novelist, essayist, poet, and translator. She considers herself an American Jewish writer. Cynthia Ozick was a writer of fiction and non-fiction, but did not bloom her career until she was 32 years old. Her literary hero was Henry James. After Cynthia Ozick finished graduate school, she would read for hours. She tried to read all the books that she never read before. She tried to learn everything she could from the books that she read. Reading books are what influenced her to become a writer, so she began to read about the history of Jews, which inspired her to write about it. Cynthia Ozick wrote many short stories, novels, and essays about being in concentration camps. One of her famous short stories that had a setting in a concentration camp was â€Å"The Shawl†. Cynthia Ozick was not an actual witness to the Holocaust, but she did read many books about it. She began reading things that ran from Biblical times and went through the 19th century. When she first wanted to write about the Holocaust, Elie Wiesel asked her not too. Elie Wiesel was another author that wrote books about the Holocaust. Elie Wiesel experienced being in the Holocaust, and therefore was an actual survivor. Elie Wiesel asked Cynthia Ozick to wait a few years until there was no more witnesses to find fault with her representation of the Shoah. The Shoah is also known as Holocaust Day. This is the remembrance of all the Jews that were murdered during the Holocaust. The reason for that was because Cynthia Ozick falsified the event and mocked a sacred text. At all cost, the Shoal had to be secured. Cynthia Ozick was upset and hurt, not because she was reprimanded for making a minor historical error, but because she was treated as a stranger. Cynthia Ozick was an American Jew, not just an American. She was treated as if she was just an American. She was also treated as if she was an American writer that had no clue what the Holocaust was really about. Cynthia Ozick did know about the Holocaust, she learned about the Holocaust just by reading about it. Cynthia Ozick wrote a letter to Elie Wiesel stating that just because she was not a witness of the Holocaust and part American, she should not be excluded from being part Jewish.

Theories of Aging

For this part of the assignment I am going to be describing two theories of ageing. Firstly I will be describing the Disengagement theory and then the Activity theory. I will then be comparing the similarities and differences between the two, and also writing up two case studies of older people and explain the development that occurs in older life, relating back to the theories I will have discussed. Firstly the theory of Social Disengagement, disengagement means a person’s withdrawal from involvement with anything. The theory was first put forward by two authors Cumming and Henry in 1961 who believed that it was natural for the elderly to withdraw from social involvement with others, due to having restricted opportunities to interact with other people. There are many issues that limit social interaction which results in disengagement. Some of these may be things like retirement, ill health, mobility, travel or technology. The theory of disengagement was widely accepted as other theorists such as Bromley (1974) agreed with the theory arguing that â€Å"although some individuals fight the process all the way, disengagement of some sort is bound to come, simply because old people have neither the physical not the mental resources they had when they were young. † Secondly the Activity theory, this theory argues that older people need to stay mentally and socially active to limit the risks of disengagement. Being active in older life can help people to overcome many of the problems and issues they will have to endure throughout the older lifestage. Being active can include taking part in sports and activities, joining clubs and groups to go on trips, outings, holidays and even simple things like continuing with hobbies such as gardening or walking the dog. Being active is very important for many reasons when a person is in the later years of life. It is believed that it’s not enough to simple provide facilities for older people they must be educated to make use of them and encouraged to abandon fixed habits. The main argument for the activity theory is that disengagement can ultimately result in loss of physical and mental skills due to lack of practice. My first case study is of a man named Howard Lane, he died aged 75 years old and had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s 9 years earlier. Over the 9 years his condition seriously deteriorated. Howard had had a very active life with various jobs such as a Clerk of Works at Par Docks, a mental nurse and other physically demanding roles. He had been married for 52 years and had two grown up children, a daughter Jennie who had two children and a son Richard who had four children. Howard was a very involved grandparent throughout the whole of his grandchildren’s lives until his condition deteriorated so badly he couldn’t even tell who they were anymore. As Howard reached retirement he remained a very engaged active person despite the label he was now given as being ‘old. ’ He very much fitted the role within the activity theory, regularly exercising, seeing his family, keeping in contact with them in a number of ways. He and his wife had a particular passion for ballroom dancing†¦ they had won competitions! He had a very healthy appetite, and had never smoked or drank at all throughout his life. Although Howard had always been healthy and had no previous health issues and had stayed active throughout his final lifestage he still developed the disease Alzheimer’s. As the illness progressed Howard gradually changed as a person. He became forgetful, got confused easily, and as he began to seriously deteriorate he became violent at times, physically incapable of doing things for himself, he would forget things that had happened and who people were. Further into his illness Howard became more and more disengaged. His whole life had changed due to the process of ageing along with the unfortunate illness he had. Not only had the disengagement affected Howard as a person it was also affecting a lot around him. Firstly the most obvious effect it was having was on Howard’s family. They began to be constantly worry about him therefore would be constantly in contact asking him if he was ok. It also put a large amount of stress on his wife Vera, and because she was in her older age as well she found it very hard to deal with the stress she was under. By the time Howard was the age of 71 Vera had no other option but to put Howard in a nursing home so he could receive the care that he needed. Due to Howard’s illness Vera had now become disengaged, she had spent all of her time looking after her husband, worrying about him and visiting him constantly. Another major factor that affected Vera’s stress was the fees she had to pay at the nursing home. She was very worried about the scale of the costs and was worried about having to sell her home. She had gradually lost contact with her friends and had no time for any personal hobbies or even time to properly look after herself and because of this Vera had become stressed and run down and was finding caring for Howard very hard to cope with. Her biggest worry and fear constantly being how she would cope with it if Howard died. Bereavement is usually hard to cope with for the elderly especially disengaged people, they are likely to feel more isolated and alone and this is what Vera was frightened of. In actual fact Vera died suddenly in December 2003, shortly followed by Howard June 2004. By this time Howard had no understanding of anyone around him as he had little response to anything, therefore he did not grieve for his wife as he didn’t even understand that she was gone. Their family described it as a blessing because in this way Vera never had to cope with the bereavement of losing her partner and neither did he. Overall retirement did have a positive effect on Vera and Howard to begin with. They had more freedom to be active, pursue their hobbies, spend time together, and with their loved ones. However old age brought ill health which caused Vera and Howard to disengage and become isolated from others which continued to bring ill health and stress. My second case study is about a woman named Ruth Cohen. Ruth Cohen is an 84 year old woman, she had previously been a teacher for nearly 40 years. Ruth has one son of 60 who has two daughters Lisa and Issie, Lisa has a son of 17. Ruth is a very old woman and has a number of health problems including arthritis, high blood pressure, and sight and hearing problems. However Ruth has lead a very healthy and active retirement. Since Ruth has retired she has done voluntary work for a number of charities and her local church as she is a very religious woman. Even in her late 70’s Ruth attends church every Sunday and helped to run the local Sunday school. She regularly met her friends from church to go out for tea. She tries to visit her children and grandchild as much as she can however due to her eyesight she cannot drive anymore so her only way of seeing them is to get the bus. In her old age, Ruth despite still being so active has become quite frail and is frightened easily therefore tries to avoid going to places with people she doesn’t know, she tends to stay in her own village, go to the same shops and see the same people every day. Ruth was married for 60 years to James, unfortunately 14 years ago James passed away due to a heart attack. Ruth obviously had a hard time with the loss of her husband of 60 years however because of the lifestyle Ruth led she managed to carry on with her life and avoided becoming disengaged and easily accepted the support and help of ther whereas a lot of people cannot do so so easily. Because of Ruth’s personality and the way she was her family didn’t feel like they had to constantly worry about her and they knew she would be getting on fine without their constant care. However Ruth is getting rather old now so they do visit more frequently and her granddaughter Issie bought her a dog to keep her compan y and occupied. As Ruth entered her 80’s the physical ageing process could no longer be avoided and began to take over her life. She became very weak and could only walk with a Zimmer frame, she became increasingly isolated in her home due to mobility issues and although people did visit she began to feel lonely and depressed. This case study is perfect evidence of the disengagement theory. Although Ruth remained active and dealt with the bereavement she endured and her health issues it was inevitable that age caught up on her, she lead a fulfilling retirement and kept up all of her routines and hobbies as long as she physically could but eventually her mobility limited her life and effected her emotionally as well as physically. Theories of Aging For this part of the assignment I am going to be describing two theories of ageing. Firstly I will be describing the Disengagement theory and then the Activity theory. I will then be comparing the similarities and differences between the two, and also writing up two case studies of older people and explain the development that occurs in older life, relating back to the theories I will have discussed. Firstly the theory of Social Disengagement, disengagement means a person’s withdrawal from involvement with anything. The theory was first put forward by two authors Cumming and Henry in 1961 who believed that it was natural for the elderly to withdraw from social involvement with others, due to having restricted opportunities to interact with other people. There are many issues that limit social interaction which results in disengagement. Some of these may be things like retirement, ill health, mobility, travel or technology. The theory of disengagement was widely accepted as other theorists such as Bromley (1974) agreed with the theory arguing that â€Å"although some individuals fight the process all the way, disengagement of some sort is bound to come, simply because old people have neither the physical not the mental resources they had when they were young. † Secondly the Activity theory, this theory argues that older people need to stay mentally and socially active to limit the risks of disengagement. Being active in older life can help people to overcome many of the problems and issues they will have to endure throughout the older lifestage. Being active can include taking part in sports and activities, joining clubs and groups to go on trips, outings, holidays and even simple things like continuing with hobbies such as gardening or walking the dog. Being active is very important for many reasons when a person is in the later years of life. It is believed that it’s not enough to simple provide facilities for older people they must be educated to make use of them and encouraged to abandon fixed habits. The main argument for the activity theory is that disengagement can ultimately result in loss of physical and mental skills due to lack of practice. My first case study is of a man named Howard Lane, he died aged 75 years old and had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s 9 years earlier. Over the 9 years his condition seriously deteriorated. Howard had had a very active life with various jobs such as a Clerk of Works at Par Docks, a mental nurse and other physically demanding roles. He had been married for 52 years and had two grown up children, a daughter Jennie who had two children and a son Richard who had four children. Howard was a very involved grandparent throughout the whole of his grandchildren’s lives until his condition deteriorated so badly he couldn’t even tell who they were anymore. As Howard reached retirement he remained a very engaged active person despite the label he was now given as being ‘old. ’ He very much fitted the role within the activity theory, regularly exercising, seeing his family, keeping in contact with them in a number of ways. He and his wife had a particular passion for ballroom dancing†¦ they had won competitions! He had a very healthy appetite, and had never smoked or drank at all throughout his life. Although Howard had always been healthy and had no previous health issues and had stayed active throughout his final lifestage he still developed the disease Alzheimer’s. As the illness progressed Howard gradually changed as a person. He became forgetful, got confused easily, and as he began to seriously deteriorate he became violent at times, physically incapable of doing things for himself, he would forget things that had happened and who people were. Further into his illness Howard became more and more disengaged. His whole life had changed due to the process of ageing along with the unfortunate illness he had. Not only had the disengagement affected Howard as a person it was also affecting a lot around him. Firstly the most obvious effect it was having was on Howard’s family. They began to be constantly worry about him therefore would be constantly in contact asking him if he was ok. It also put a large amount of stress on his wife Vera, and because she was in her older age as well she found it very hard to deal with the stress she was under. By the time Howard was the age of 71 Vera had no other option but to put Howard in a nursing home so he could receive the care that he needed. Due to Howard’s illness Vera had now become disengaged, she had spent all of her time looking after her husband, worrying about him and visiting him constantly. Another major factor that affected Vera’s stress was the fees she had to pay at the nursing home. She was very worried about the scale of the costs and was worried about having to sell her home. She had gradually lost contact with her friends and had no time for any personal hobbies or even time to properly look after herself and because of this Vera had become stressed and run down and was finding caring for Howard very hard to cope with. Her biggest worry and fear constantly being how she would cope with it if Howard died. Bereavement is usually hard to cope with for the elderly especially disengaged people, they are likely to feel more isolated and alone and this is what Vera was frightened of. In actual fact Vera died suddenly in December 2003, shortly followed by Howard June 2004. By this time Howard had no understanding of anyone around him as he had little response to anything, therefore he did not grieve for his wife as he didn’t even understand that she was gone. Their family described it as a blessing because in this way Vera never had to cope with the bereavement of losing her partner and neither did he. Overall retirement did have a positive effect on Vera and Howard to begin with. They had more freedom to be active, pursue their hobbies, spend time together, and with their loved ones. However old age brought ill health which caused Vera and Howard to disengage and become isolated from others which continued to bring ill health and stress. My second case study is about a woman named Ruth Cohen. Ruth Cohen is an 84 year old woman, she had previously been a teacher for nearly 40 years. Ruth has one son of 60 who has two daughters Lisa and Issie, Lisa has a son of 17. Ruth is a very old woman and has a number of health problems including arthritis, high blood pressure, and sight and hearing problems. However Ruth has lead a very healthy and active retirement. Since Ruth has retired she has done voluntary work for a number of charities and her local church as she is a very religious woman. Even in her late 70’s Ruth attends church every Sunday and helped to run the local Sunday school. She regularly met her friends from church to go out for tea. She tries to visit her children and grandchild as much as she can however due to her eyesight she cannot drive anymore so her only way of seeing them is to get the bus. In her old age, Ruth despite still being so active has become quite frail and is frightened easily therefore tries to avoid going to places with people she doesn’t know, she tends to stay in her own village, go to the same shops and see the same people every day. Ruth was married for 60 years to James, unfortunately 14 years ago James passed away due to a heart attack. Ruth obviously had a hard time with the loss of her husband of 60 years however because of the lifestyle Ruth led she managed to carry on with her life and avoided becoming disengaged and easily accepted the support and help of ther whereas a lot of people cannot do so so easily. Because of Ruth’s personality and the way she was her family didn’t feel like they had to constantly worry about her and they knew she would be getting on fine without their constant care. However Ruth is getting rather old now so they do visit more frequently and her granddaughter Issie bought her a dog to keep her compan y and occupied. As Ruth entered her 80’s the physical ageing process could no longer be avoided and began to take over her life. She became very weak and could only walk with a Zimmer frame, she became increasingly isolated in her home due to mobility issues and although people did visit she began to feel lonely and depressed. This case study is perfect evidence of the disengagement theory. Although Ruth remained active and dealt with the bereavement she endured and her health issues it was inevitable that age caught up on her, she lead a fulfilling retirement and kept up all of her routines and hobbies as long as she physically could but eventually her mobility limited her life and effected her emotionally as well as physically.

Abolition for Bilingual Education

One half of United States children who are not proficient in English live in California, a state who's future depends on these three million children becoming fluent in English. In 1968, the Bilingual Education Act was passed with the theory that if you academically instructed students in their native language first, learning English would be better and faster in the long run. Since the passage of bilingual education, there has been a continuing debate over whether or not the programs are benefiting children. Although there is not any research to support this conclusion, bilingual advocates believe that â€Å"bilingual students who first master Spanish and then make a transition to English, do at least as well academically in the long run as their English-only counterparts† (Netkin 1). Supporters feel that even if students are not gaining in English, the programs keep them from falling behind in content areas and also boost their self-esteem, which gives them the confidence to catch up later. The search for some proof that the five hundred million dollar industry works to help immigrant children learn English, in order to prosper in a California society, continues with little success. For decades throughout California, bilingual education has been commended as a miracle for schoolchildren who are not proficient in English, but the programs have been proven to be unsuccessful and should be abolished. Research indicates that bilingual programs are not helping children, but instead are bringing about high drop out rates and low test scores. There have been many struggles to educate children in bilingual programs. Teachers and instructional materials are hard to find, which makes instruction in academic subjects to the great number and mix of children difficult. Highly transient students and the inability to involve parents in their children's education present a barrier to instruction. Bilingual programs require great amounts of money that California taxpayers should not have to provide because taxpayers should not be responsible for teaching immigrants the American language. Proposition 227 was passed in June of 1998 that was to eliminate bilingual education and place children with limited English proficiency into classes where English is the only language spoken. This new law will enable California schoolchildren to succeed in America and taxpayers will no longer have to provide for a program that â€Å"actually keeps children from learning English, the language of their future, and hinders success in American society† (McCain). â€Å"63% of research shows no difference between bilingual education and doing nothing† (Research Evidence of Bilingual Education 4). Each year, only five percent of the bilingual schoolchildren gain English proficiency. Scores on comprehensive tests reveal that students who move from bilingual classes to English-only classes are unable to perform. Latino children in bilingual classes â€Å"end up not speaking either Spanish or English well† (Netkin 2). They have the highest dropout rate, forty percent, of any ethnic group and have consistently scored the lowest on Scholastic Assessment Tests. Instructing children in their official language and not teaching them English is making the children unable to succeed in society. Since this is an American country, children should be placed in English speaking classrooms in order to learn the language of the dominant group. Educating children in bilingual programs is difficult. Schools cannot provide the proper bilingual instruction because teachers and materials are limited or unavailable. Students speak languages that are not historically represented in the United States so bilingual teachers and materials for the languages are nonexistent. Even in schools where all students speak Spanish, teachers are hard to find and have to be recruited from Spanish speaking countries. However, sometimes the immigrant teachers cannot be certified to teach because they lack a college degree or simply cannot pass the English portion of a state teacher certification test. The California Department of Education estimates that about twenty-two thousand bilingual teachers are needed for instruction and studies predict that filling the need may be impossible. Bilingual education cannot provide children with the instruction needed to prosper in California so the programs should be eliminated. Immigrant students are highly transient which makes continuous instruction difficult. New students arrive to schools on a monthly basis, contributing to overcrowded classrooms that make teaching complex. Existing students move frequently or are regularly absent for long periods of time, disrupting their learning. Often times, students with excessive absences from school cannot be promoted to the next grade level or graduate, which makes the children discouraged and leads to them dropping out of school. Transient actions effect a student's ability to receive an education, contributing to the failure of bilingual programs. Parental involvement is important for student achievement, but extreme struggles arise when trying to involve parents in their children's education. Many parents are illiterate in their native language as well as English, making communication impossible. Translators are used successfully, but for uncommon languages, very few translators are available. Parental self-help classes are provided to parents who have trouble communicating. The classes have taught parents how to help their children in school, but several problems with parent involvement remain. Without the five hundred million dollars a year that taxpayers provide to the federal government, bilingual education programs would not exist. Why should the taxpayer be responsible for immigrants learning the American language? Before entering this country immigrants know that English is the dominant language, therefore, they should be responsible for learning the language themselves. By not knowing English and being unable to communicate effectively, newcomers are only hurting themselves. Taxpayers should not be responsible for educating immigrants. Learning English should be the responsibility of the person seeking to speak the language. Proposition 227 was passed to eliminate bilingual education. Children with limited English proficiency are to be placed into English-only classes where their native language is never spoken. This practice is called English immersion, a non-taxpaying system that will push children toward the quickest path to success in America. Students will learn English better and faster by being around the language all-day and everyday. The quicker they learn the language the sooner the students will be able to join in with their peers and develop an education. Although Proposition 227 was passed in June of 1998 to eliminate bilingual education, the programs remain in schools. â€Å"In Redwood City, south of San Francisco, the school district reports that eighty percent of Spanish-speaking children are still enrolled in bilingual† (Michels). Many other schools have confessed to not eliminating bilingual classes. The schools feel that the children need to be transferred to English-only classes slowly in order to avoid student confusion. Bilingual supporters feel that the programs give children self-esteem and a better education. This is absurd. Separating children from others because they cannot speak English makes them feel insecure and different. If anything, the students loose self-esteem and pride, making learning difficult. Bilingual programs are a failure and schools should obey the law and abolish the instruction. â€Å"The students will gain whatever added self-esteem they need when they develop proficiency in English, the language in which their peers are learning, and the language that they will need to succeed in the United States† (Netkin 1)